Post

Git Cheat Sheet

Posted
By Hongming Zhu
2 min read
Git Cheat Sheet

rev-list

  • Print the list of commits reachable from the current branch.
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    git rev-list HEAD
  • Print the list of commits on this branch, but not present in the upstream branch.
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    git rev-list @{upstream}..HEAD
  • Format commits with their author and commit message (see also the porcelain git-log[1]).
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    git rev-list --format=medium HEAD
  • Format commits along with their diffs (see also the porcelain git-log[1], which can do this in a single process).
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    git rev-list HEAD |
git diff-tree --stdin --format=medium -p
  • Print the list of commits on the current branch that touched any file in the Documentation directory.
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    git rev-list HEAD -- Documentation/
  • Print the list of commits authored by you in the past year, on any branch, tag, or other ref.
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    git rev-list --author=you@example.com --since=1.year.ago --all
  • Print the list of objects reachable from the current branch (i.e., all commits and the blobs and trees they contain).
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    git rev-list --objects HEAD
  • Compare the disk size of all reachable objects, versus those reachable from reflogs, versus the total packed size. This can tell you whether running git repack -ad might reduce the repository size (by dropping unreachable objects), and whether expiring reflogs might help.
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    # reachable objects
git rev-list --disk-usage --objects --all
# plus reflogs
git rev-list --disk-usage --objects --all --reflog
# total disk size used
du -c .git/objects/pack/*.pack .git/objects/??/*
# alternative to du: add up "size" and "size-pack" fields
git count-objects -v
  • Report the disk size of each branch, not including objects used by the current branch. This can find outliers that are contributing to a bloated repository size (e.g., because somebody accidentally committed large build artifacts).
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    git for-each-ref --format='%(refname)' |
while read branch
do
  size=$(git rev-list --disk-usage --objects HEAD..$branch)
  echo "$size $branch"
done |
sort -n
  • Compare the on-disk size of branches in one group of refs, excluding another. If you co-mingle objects from multiple remotes in a single repository, this can show which remotes are contributing to the repository size (taking the size of origin as a baseline).
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    git rev-list --disk-usage --objects --remotes=$suspect --not --remotes=origin

submodule

https to ssh

  1. Edit the .gitmodules file
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    [submodule "path/to/submodule"]
 url = https://github.com/user/repo.git

    Change it to:

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    [submodule "path/to/submodule"]
 url = git@github.com:user/repo.git
  2. Update the submodule configuration
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    git submodule sync
  3. git config --edit to see the effects
  4. Pull the latest changes
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    git submodule update --init --recursive

References

Toolkits, Git
git cheat sheet
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